Designing the architecture for a streaming platform like Netflix would require a combination of frontend apps, backend services, and infrastructure to support a large number of users and streams.
MVP Stage
At the MVP stage, the architecture would be relatively simple. The frontend would consist of a web or mobile app that allows users to browse and watch videos. The backend would consist of a service that handles video management, such as transcoding and storage of video files.
For the backend, we could use a simple service that runs on a single server or a small cluster of servers, which would handle video management, such as transcoding and storage of video files. For the frontend, we could use a simple web application that allows users to browse and watch videos, with a minimal set of features.
10 Million Active Users
As the number of active users increases to 10 million, the architecture would need to scale to handle the increased traffic and load. We could use a microservices architecture, where each service is responsible for a specific set of functionality and communicates with other services through APIs.
A load balancer would be used to distribute traffic to multiple instances of the services. Caching layer would be used to reduce the load on the services. A Content Delivery Network (CDN) could be used to deliver video files to users with low latency. A database like Cassandra or DynamoDB would be used for storing the large amount of data.
For video management, we could use a service that handles video transcoding and storage. For user management, we could use a service that handles authentication and authorization, as well as storing user profiles and preferences. For payment management, we could use a service that handles subscriptions and payments.
When hosting a live Football event, the architecture would need to scale to handle the large number of concurrent users and streams.
A live streaming service would be added to handle the live streams, which would be integrated with the existing video management service. The live streaming service would handle the real-time encoding and delivery of the live streams to viewers.
To handle the high traffic and load, we could use a distributed architecture, where multiple instances of the services and infrastructure are spread across multiple regions. A global load balancer would be used to distribute traffic to the nearest available instance of the services.
For storage, we could use a distributed file system like HDFS to store and distribute the video files. To handle the large number of concurrent users and streams, we could use a real-time messaging protocol such as WebRTC or RTMP for real-time communication.
In this way, we can have a robust, scalable and fault-tolerant architecture to handle the large number of users and streams on a streaming platform like Netflix, even at the scale of a live Football event.
Additional measures could be taken to ensure the security and compliance of the platform, such as using an API gateway for authentication and authorization, and using encryption for data storage and transmission.
Another important aspect to consider is monitoring and logging, to ensure that the platform is running smoothly and to quickly detect and resolve any issues. This could include using a centralized logging solution, such as Elasticsearch and Kibana, and implementing monitoring tools, such as Prometheus and Grafana, to track key performance indicators and resource usage.
Overall, designing the architecture for a streaming platform like Netflix requires careful consideration of various factors such as scalability, performance, security, and compliance. It's important to use the right set of technologies, tools and services to handle the large number of users and streams and to be able to adapt to different scale scenarios.